Domestic appliance



Nov. 1, 1949 a. c; PEARCE 2,486,873

- DOMESTIC APYLIANCE Filed Jan. 5, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet X IIIIIIIIIIIIIII' FIG! g? ENTOR.

Nov. 1, 1949 (a. c. PEARCE 2,486,873

DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Jan. 5, 1945 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 NVENTOR 7%;il W 2 14 mu Nov. 1, 1949 G. c. PEARCE DOMESTIC APPLIANCE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Jan 5 1945 Nov. 1, 1949 s. c. PEARCE 2,486,873

DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Jan. ;5, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 4- qwww l6 FIG.I4

Nov. 1, 1949 e3, PEARCE 2,485,873

DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Jan. 5, 1945 E5 Sheets-Sheet 5 WMMMMMWW Patented Nov. 1, 1949 DOMESTIC APPLIANCE George C. Pearce, Dayton, Ohio, assignor toGeneralMotors Corporation, Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware Application January 5, 1945, Serial No. 571,404

6 Claims. .1

This invention relates to domestic appliances and more particularly to electric ranges or the like.

An object of this invention is to provide an oven of a domestic range or the like with a simplified thermostatic control.

Another object of this invention is to provide an oven thermostatic control in which the upper and lower heaters of the oven are controlled by three pairs of thermostatically actuated contacts in such a manner that both oven heaters may be turned on at full capacity for preheat, the upper alone at full capacity for broil, the lower heater at full capacity and upper heater at reduced output for bake, and all heaters positively turned oil when no energization is desired.

Another object of this invention is to provide an oven thermostatic control in which the power lines may be connected to the make and break mechanism without the necessity of providing flexing wires.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein a preferred form is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the thermostatic control;

Fig. 2 is a cross-section taken along the line 2-2 of Figs. 1, 3 and 5;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section parallel to Fig. 1 directly behind the plate It;

Fig. 4 is a cross-section taken along the line 4-4 of Figs. 1, 3 and 5;

Fig. 5 is a rear elevationof the thermostatic control with the rear cover H and the rear insulating sheet [2 removed;

Fig. 6 is a crosssection taken along the line 6-4) ofFigs. 1, 3 and 5;

Fig. 7 is adiagrammatic cross-section, on reduced scale, showing the thermostatic control connected to the oven, in the off position;

Fig. 8 is an elevation of a portion of Fig. 5,

diagrammatically connected to the oven circuit in the broil position;

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic cross-section taken along the line 9--9 of Fig. 8 also showing the circuit in broil position;

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but showing the circuit in preheat position;

.Fig. 11' is a viewisimilar to Fig.9 but showing the circuitin .bake position;

Fig. .12..is .a view, somewhat similar toaportion of Fig. 8, showingtheparts inppreheat position;

A. Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 12 showing the parts in bake position; and

Fig. 14 is a top view of the thermostatic control as shown in Fig. 7.

My invention includes an oven 2!) (Fig. 7) and a thermostatic control 2! for the oven. The oven 2i? is provided with a lower heater '22 and with an upper heater consisting of sections 23 and'24, the sections 23 and Zfibeing uniformly distributed over the top of the oven. The heater 22 is evenly distributed over the bottom of the oven, and, if desired may have a baffle over it, not shown,'such as disclosed at 68 in the patent to F. H. McCormick 2,314,592. The upper and lower heaters may have the general construction shown in said McCormick patent, it being understood that the upper heater has its wires in two sections as diagrammatically illustrated in this application.

The thermostatic control '2! includes a bulb 25 placed in the oven, and connected by a tube '26 to the expansible diaphragm 21. The diaphragm 21 opens and closes the switch contacts 28, 29 and 39, (Figs. 5-13) in response to temperature conditions as more fully hereinafter described.

The thermostatic control 2| has a movable plate H3 (Figs. 1, 6, 14) hinged to a metal casing or box l3 by means of the bolts M. The casing l3 and plate l0 have a spring tension tending to spread them away from each other at M. The casing I3 and plate It thus form, in effect, first and second relatively movable plates. The knob 15 is mounted on shaft I6, which has a lefthanded threaded engagement at I! with bushing l3 fixed in casing 13 and an axial thrust (to the left in Fig. 6) at is against the face of plate ill. Thus this threaded engagement provides a rotary cam axial thrust means to move the plate it and box 13 to and from each other. Turning of the knob l5 fulcrums the plate ID about the bolts Hi. When the shaft I6 is threaded into casing I3, by a counterclockwise turning of knob 15, an axial thrust-results at l8 which swings the plate ii] toward casing !3 against its inherent spring action. When the shaft I6 is unthreaded at H, by the turning of knob 15 clockwise, the shaft H5 releases some of its thrust at l8 and allows the plate M3 to swing away from casing l3, the fulcrum being at M.

The plate i0 carries the diaphragm 2! by the bolt and nut construction It. Therefore when there is a relative movement between plate l0 and casing 53, there is also a relative movement between diaphragm 2'5 and casing 53. This changes the setting of the diaphragm t? with respect to the movable contacts 28, 29 and Sii,

(Figs. -11) which are carried by the casing l3 and causes the contacts to snap between open and closed positions at different temperatures, depending on the rotative position of knob 55. Rotation of the knob 55 therefore sets the temperature at which the contacts open and close to correspond with the temperature at the top of the knob. When the knob is turned to the off position (Fig. 1), the plate l0 and diaphragm 21 are moved so far to the left (Fig. '7) that the diaphragm cannot collapse suificiently to close the contacts regardless of the temperature in the oven.

The diaphragm 27 opens and closes the movable contacts 28, 29 and 30 in response to oven temperatures by mechanism more fully to be described. As the diaphragm expands in response to rise in oven temperature the contacts 28, 29 and til open substantially at the temperature indicated by the knob 55 thus turning ofi the heaters in the oven. As the temperature in the oven falls slightly, the diaphragm contracts suiliciently to close the contacts 28, 20 and 39 thus re-energizing the heaters to heat the oven. The oven is therefore maintained substantially at the temperature selected by the turning of knob i 5.

The movable switch contacts 28, 29 and 30 (Figs. 5, 9-11) are paired with stationary switch contacts 28, 251' and 3!! carried by bars SI, 32 and 33 respectively. These bars are connected to the lines 34, 35 and 35 respectively leading to the heaters, the connection being made through the usual line eyelets and screw-threaded connectors 3!, 32' and 33 respectively. Contacts 28, 29 and 35, which are permanently connected to lines L1 and L2, are operated in a manner to energize the bars 3!, 32 and 33, lines 34, 35 and 36 and heaters 22, 23 and 24 as more fully to be described.

The line 34 is connected to one terminal 23a of the section 23 and one terminal 22a of heater 22. The line 35 is connected to one terminal 241) of heater 24 and to terminal 23b of heater 23. The line 35 is connected to terminal 22b of heater 22. The terminal 24m of heater 24 is connected to the grounded line 3?.

The section 23 is of such resistance that its maximum capacity for glowing red heat is obtained when it is connected between the live lines L1 and L2, which provide the maximum voltage. The section 24 is of such resistance that it produces its glowing red heat when connected between L2 and the grounded or neutral line 3'5. The heater 22 is of such resistance that it produces its glowing red heat when connected between L1 and. L2.

To produce broiling conditions in the upper heater, section 223 is connected between L1 and L2 and section 24 is connected between grounded line 37 and L2 as shown in Fig. 9. Both sections 23 and 24 glow red under broil conditions. For preheat conditions, sections 23 and 2d are connected as in broil, and heater 22 is connected between L1 and L2, the preheat connection being shown in Fig. 10. All three sections 22, 23 and 2d glow red under preheat conditions. For baking, sections 23 and B l are connected in series between L1 and grounded line 3? to operate at a materiall reduced wattage, while heater 22 is connected between L1 and L2. The bake circuit is illustrated in Fig. 11. Heater 22 glows red and sections 23 and 2 are black hot under bake conditions. When operating in the broil and preheat positions, section 23 may have a capacity of 2000 watts, while section 24 may have a capacity of 1000 watts. When operating in the bake position sections 23 and 24 may have a combined capacity of 235 watts. Heater 22 may have a capacity of 2000 watts. These figures are given by way of illustration for use in the ordinary domestic oven, such as illustrated in the said McCormick patent.

The foregoing brief description shows that the oven heaters are controlled by three pairs of thermostatically opened and closed contacts 28-28, 2929' and 30-30. These contacts are the only ones required to obtain the necessary energization of the oven heaters.

The power lines L1 and L2 are permanently connected to the movable contacts 28, 29 and 30 by a novel construction. The line L1 is connected to power connector bar 37 by the line eyelet and screw construction ll (Figs. 2, 5). The bar 4! is in turn connected to a sheet metal conductor which produces a snap opening and closing movement of contact 28. This sheet metal conductor includes a bridge portion 60 (Fig. 8), an inner leg portion ll (to which the bar 6'! is connected permanently) and two outer leg portions 32 and 43 which are carried by the bridge portion 30 and are joined at 36 (Fig. 9) to carr the movable contact 28. Current can therefore flow from the line L1 through ll, 3!, d0, 42 and it to the contact 28. The upper portion of the central inner leg 4! is anchored to a stationary insulating frame 45 by a rivet construction 25 (Fig. 2) passing through a por-- tion of the frame 56 and which is Connected to the input bar Q1.

The line L2 is connected to power connector bar 56 by the line eyelet and screw construction 56' (Fig. 5). The bar 56 in turn is connected through rivet 45 to a sheet metal conductor somewhat similar to the one just described; but which has an extension 60 (Fig. 8), so that it energizes both of the contacts 29 and 39. The line L2 is connected, through bar 55, to the inner central leg ll, which in turn is connected to the bridge 58 and the two outer leg portions 32' and 43' which are joined to carry the movable contact 29. The sheet metal conductor 40', 31, 2 and d3 is substantially the same in construction and operation as the conductor 40, ti, 42. and 43. In addition, the bridge 40' has an extension 40" to a fourth leg 58 which carries the movable contact 30 and then bends slightly backward (see Fig. l), so that its end 19 may be engaged by the cam 59 to hold the contact 39 away from the contact 3t during the broil position. The fourth leg 48 tends to snap in the same direction as the legs 42' and 43, except when held open by the cam 50.

The bridges i0 and it are embedded in an insulating bar 5! which is supported on a metal outer bridge bar 52, so that the bridges G0 and 40' operate in unison with the bars 55 and 52 (Figs. 4, 6, 8). A tension spring 53 is connected to the metal bar 52 by T-shaped member 54, the spring 53 extending to a bolt 55 at the top of the casing IS. The tension spring 53 places the legs ll and 4! in compression between bridges ts, 45 and rivets 35 and 45', and, as the spring 53 is moved laterally by the thermostat, the contacts 28, 29 and 30 snap in the opposite direction to the lateral movement of the spring 53. The contacts 28, 29 and 30 tend to snap in unison under the impulse of the thermostatic element unless their operation is modified as hereinafter described in the broil and bake positions.

raasmsve 'Lateral. movement of the spring ?53':by' the diaphragm .2! .is accomplished through .the medium of:alever 65] (Fig. 6).. EIhelever 60 is mounted on a. leafspring fi-l which isxriveted at tZto the :tOp .of."casing l3,.and is rivetednat 63 to the lever 60. Thespring el biases the lever 68 to the right, in Fig. 6, against the extension 04 .of the diaphragm Zl. Expansion of the diaphragm 2i .swingsthalever-fiil to'thelefhFig; 6, and cntrac- .=tion of :the diaphragm iiwpermitsrthe lever-toibe =movedzto the-:rightFig. .6,'by-the spring: $51. .The lowerend of the lever 60 .is formed .into :a pro- -.tuberanceu6'5 which can push against the side'of thespringhi ii. The springES is in such alignment between :the bolt 5.5 and the T-shaped member 1541.510 that it normally swings the leg ll to the right, .in :Fig. :6, thus maintaining the contacts .28, 2-9.and .30 normally'closed. However, when theiever -0 is moved "to'the left, in.Fig. '6,the

protuberance 5 engage; the side of the spring 53 at point 56, and in ei'lect, establishesasubspring Ebetween the point :66 and the T-shaped :member'54 (see-Fig. 7). As the protuberance i5 :swings to theleft asufficient distance, .the leg l4|=1lS norm-ally biased .to the left in. Fig. 6, thus opening :the contacts .28, 28 and 30 with a snap action. The open position is shown in Fig. -7, while the closed positioniis shownlin Figfi.

The lever (50 preferably is a t shaped channel member (Figs. 5, 6) having marginal flanges 61 extending for a portion of its vertical length. At its upper end, at the corners 38, the lever Gel bears against a fulcrum bar 60 which has ears is (Fig. 2) at each end riveted at ii to the casing 1.3.

The lever 60 thus fulcrums about'the points '12 i of the fulcrum bar 69, which points F2 are located iulcrumed on the shaft M, whichextendsthrough the insulating .blocktB and casingxlfi and is'attached to the lever '55 located between the plate I0 and the casing 13. The lever is normally pulled clockwise, in Fig 3, by a tension spring I6 anchored to the plate H, which is welded to the casing is. This normally urges the lever 13 counterclockwise in Figs. 3, 8, 12 and 13, which tends to move the cam 58 away from engagement with the end 49 of the leg 38. However, the knob shaft it is connected to a disk 80 (Fig. 3) having a pindhwhich comes into engagement with the leverl'5 when the knob It is in the broil position shown in Fig. 3. This swings the lever! 5 counterclockwise .in Fig. 3, thus swinging the lever clockwise in Figs. 5 and 8. This causes the lower edge of the cam to engage the end 00 swing the leg 43 and contact away from the stationary contact This opens the contact 30, while the contacts 28 and 23 are closed by the threaded movement oi the shaft iii (Fig. 6) and its consequent action through the diaphragm .2! and lever 60 onthe spring 53 and the bridge bars '52, iii and it. Thus the circuit shown in Figs. .18.andQisestablished forbroiling. In this circuit, the upperheater sections 23 and 20 glow'red, at 9.2000 and .1060 watt rate respectively, while the heater 22,15 .deenergized by the open position for the contact as away from contact 30'.

The .preheat position; isiattained by fifirst :mov

:ing the knob I15 clockwise-to the .broil :position l (Fig.1) "an'dthen counterclockwise to some selectaed temperaturasuch as 300. While the .knob is in=the sbroiliposition, .the lever "1-3 is in' the position shown iniFigsrl and '8. The lever 13. has -:a curved-extension Silwhich carries a mol. This pin engages the leg- 92'0famica .insulator sheet 03, whichiisx'fulcrumed at 94 on1bar. .33, and'moves thep-end 505 of the insulator 93 from between the :contacts T29 sand .29 and allows them to close .as

shown in Figsig'and 10. When the knobis turned counterclockwise to the 300 position, .from the :brOilrposition (Fig. 1),, the lever '13 is pulled to the :position shonw in :Figs. 12 and 13 by the action of zthespring-it (Fig. 3) and lever 15 which has been released by the movement of the'pinfll awayirom the lever 5. The end :95 (Figs. 12, '13) or" the mica-insulator sheet 03 then rests, by gravitvjust above'the contacts 29 and 29 in readiness to-drop iii-between them when the contacts -20 and 2t. areseparated by thermostatic action when the oven reaches a temperature of 300". .Thusthe oven is preheated bynthecircuit shown in.Fig..l0 nntil'the oven reaches the 300 temperature. During this time'the upper heater sections 23 .and 2t and heater .22=glow're:d at a .2000, 1000 and 2000 watt rate respectively.

In the baking-position (Figs. 11, 13), theend fibof' the insulator 03iis between thecontacts 29 :and .29, thus breaking the connection between 112131151 line 35. Current-in the upper heater-therefore must ,flow from L1 through ,34,.2.3a,123, 35, 24 and neutral line 31. These -sections'then are .-heated.at.a.black heat, :forexample by a current 01235 watts. -A.t.the1same time ther-lower heater 22 .glows redgcurrent passing through it irom line L1 toline L the current being of.2000 watts. When the lever 13 is .in the position shown in .Figs. 12-and 13, the cam is moved away-from othe end- 49 of -theleg A8 :a sufficient distance .so that thelegfiS is permitted to close the contact 3t- ;against the contact'tii in the preheat and bake -positions,-thus-- energizing the lower heater :22 between L1 and L2.

Thea-knob iii- (Figfi) may be calibrated with regard-to the shaft It, in .order that the proper temperature. may be produced to correspond with the markings on the knob. To this-tend the disk 160 is Weldednor otherwisefixed .to theshaft l6,

:and'is providedwitharc-shaped slots at 10!. A

hub I02, journaledon plate It, is loosely mounted on the shaft 'la0,".but*can :be rigidly secured thereto :byitightening thescrews '03. Thusgby loosening the :screws [E13,arelative =rotational movement between the :disks 200 and-132 can be obtained :for calibrating the knob 1:5. The .disk it? carries an extension finger i't hwhich extends into the .slot l3.

einxtherknob 15, so that the knobit'a can only be placed-'onthe shaft .in'a positioncorre sponding .to-finger its. In this manner calibraition'oi theknob It can be obtained.

The .hub 192 carries the disk 30, and, when finally 'tcalibrated,ithe diskti is rotated whenever :the'aknob I is rotated through the action of :screws I03 when .theyiare tightened.

There are several miscellaneous structural parts which may be used for convenience -as shown-in theidrawings, butwhich may be varied, as isevident. Thus the insulating block it (Figs.

2,4,5, .6) is rbox-1ike in-its construction. The bars f3'l,;32'and.:33 (Fig. 5) may be riveted'againstthe .edgezofblockdfi by therivets I H]. The bars 41 :and :55 aressecured to .aninner portion of the block .46 by ;rivets Ill (Figs. 2,5), 45 land 45'.

.The block isisecured .to the "casing l3sbyascrews I l'2 (Figs. 3, 6). An insulating sheet l2 (Figs. shaft 14 and lever 13 to the position shown in Fig. 2, 4, 6) can be placed over the entire face of block 12. This causes the cam 50 to be moved away 46, and a cover ll may then be telescoped over the from the leg 38 enough to allow the contacts 30 casing l3, and may be secured thereto by any suitand 30' to close, and allows the point 95 of the able screw construction, not shown. Preferably 5 insulator 93 to rest on top of the closed contacts the plate It (Figs. 1, 4, 6, 7, 14) is channel-shaped, 29 and 29 in readiness to drop in between them and the casing 13 also is channel-shaped, with when the oven reaches 300, when the thermostat its upper end closed. An insulating strip I21 opens all of the contacts 28, 29 and 30. When the (Figs. 4, 5, 6) is held between the block 46 and the contacts are so opened, the point 95 of insulator bars 3!, 32 and 33 to prevent accidental shorting H) 93 drops in between the contacts 29 and 29', so of bars SI, 32 and 33 by the bar 52. that, when the thermostat again attempts to close If desired, a spring 120 (Figs. 3, 14) may be the contacts 28, 29 and 30, due to the cooling wound around the pin I21, which is carried by oil of the oven, the contact 20 is prevented from the plate 10. This spring 120 has a curved porclosing on contact 29'. Thereafter the thermotion 122 so shaped that it allows the pin 8| to ride 1.; stat cycles the heaters on and off with the circuit over it as the knob 85 is being turned nearly to shown in Fig. 11. Under these conditions sections the on? position, the pin 8! reaching the posi- 23 and 24 are in series between L1 and neutral line tion 8 I in Fig. 3, when the knob is in the oil 31 to produce a black heat while energized with a position. As the pin 8! rides into this position 235 watt current while heater 22 is cycled bethe spring I22 imparts to the operator the sense tween L1 and L2 to produce a glowing red heat that the correct oil? position is reached. An at a wattage of 2000. L-shaped plate I23 is riveted to the plate l and While certain wattages have been given, by is provided with slots to receive the ends I22 and way of example, and certain structural details 125 of the spring 520. The plate l 23 also has have been described with more or less minuteness, an extension I26 which forms a positive stop for 2 it is understood that such details and wattages the pin 8 I, and prevents the knob I from being can be varied within the scope of the claims which turned counterclockwise beyond the 01? posifollow.

tion or clockwise beyond the broil position. The claims are as follows:

The thermostatic assembly may be mounted on 1. In combination: an oven; heaters for said a panel of the range by means of screws which {-19 oven; a thermostatic element for said oven; a may be threaded into bushings [26 (Figs. 1, 6). plurality of pairs of contacts controlling said In the operation of the device, when the knob heaters opened and closed by said element; ini5 is in the oifposition, the shaft i6 (Fig. 7) has sulating means normally urged into the space been threaded into the bushing 13' of casing I 3 a between a pair of said contacts; and means for sufiicient distance so that the diaphragm 21 and holding said insulating means from between said extension 64 have swung the lever 60 to the posipair of contacts to allow said contacts to close tion shown in Fig. 7. This biases the central while simultaneously holding another pair of legs 4i and 41' (Fig. 8) sufiiciently to snap them contacts open. to the left as in Fig. 7, thus opening all three con- 2. In combination: an oven; heaters for said tacts 28, 29 and 30. Regardless of the temperaoven; a thermostatic element for said oven; a ture of the oven, these contacts remain open as plurality of pairs of contacts controlling said long as the knob remains in the off position. heaters opened and closed by said element; in- Should the user desire to perform a broiling opsulating means normally urged into the space beeration, the knob i5 is turned clockwise to the tween a first named pair of said contacts; and broil position (Fig. 1). This unthreads the shaft means for holding said insulating means from E6 (Figs. 6, 7) from the bushing [3' a suificient between said contacts to allow said pair of condistance to swing the plate the proper distance tacts to close simultaneously with a second away from the casing l3. This allows the lever named pair of contacts and thereafter to admit 60 to swing the proper distance from the spring said insulatin means between said first named 53 to maintain all of the contacts 28, 29 and 30 pair of contacts when opened by said thermo- (Figs. 8, 9) in closed position as long as the temstatic element to maintain said first named pair perature of the oven remains below about 600. of contacts open while said second named pair However, contact 30 is prevented from closing, of contacts is opened and closed by said thermosince at the same time, rotation of the knob i5 static element. has moved the pin 8! into engagement with the 3. In combination: an oven; first, second and lever 75 and has moved it to the position shown third heaters for said oven; first, second and in Fig. 3. This in turn, through the shaft 74, third pairs of switch contacts to be opened and swings the lever 13 to the position shown in Figs. closed; a first power line connector connected 5, 8 and 9. This causes the cam 50 to separate to one of the contacts of said first pair of switch the contacts 30 and 30, and causes the pin 9! contacts; a second power line connector connectto swing the mica insulator sheet 93, so that its ed to one each of the contacts of the second and point 95 is moved from between the contacts 29 third pair of switch contacts; said first heater and 29', allowing them to close. The broil cirhaving one terminal connected to a neutral concuit shown in Fig. 9 is then established, and the nector and the other terminal connected to the upper heater sections 23 and 24 are energized at 55 other of the contacts of said second pair of their maximum capacity to glow red and produce switch contacts; said second heater having one a broiling action. terminal connected to said other of said contacts Should the user desire to preheat the oven in of said first pair of switch contacts and its other anticipation of performing a baking operation at terminal connected to said other of said con- 300, he first moves the knob 15 to broil position tacts of said second pair of switch contacts; said (Fig. 1), establishing the circuits just described third heater having one terminal connected to in the preceding paragraph, and then moves the said other of said first pair of switch contacts knob to the 300 position. This latter movement and its other terminal connected to the other of moves the pin 8! (Fig. 3) away from the lever 15 said contacts of said third pair of switch conand allows the spring '06 to swing the lever 15, 7 tacts; and insulating means movable in between 9 and from between the contacts of said second pair of switch contacts.

4. In combination: an oven; first, second and third heaters for said oven; first, second and third pairs of switch contacts to be opened and closed; a first power line connector connected to one of the contacts of said first pair of switch contacts; a second power line connector connected to one each of the contacts of the second and third pair of switch contacts; said first heater having one terminal connected to a neutral connector and the other terminal connected to the other of the contacts of said second pair of switch contacts; said second heater having one terminal connected to said other of said contacts of said first pair of switch contacts and its other terminal connected to said other of said contacts of said second pair of switch contacts; said third heater having one terminal connected to said other of said first pair of switch contacts and its other terminal connected to the other of said contacts of said third pair of switch contacts; thermostatic means responsive to temperatures in said oven opening and closing said pairs of switch contacts; and insulating means normally urged between said second pairs of contacts and manually movable from between said contacts while said contacts are urged together by said thermostatic means.

5. In combination: an oven; first, second and third heaters for said oven; first, second and third pairs of switch contacts to be opened and closed; a first power line connector connected to one of the contacts of said first pair of switch contacts; a second power line connector connected to one each of the contacts of the second and third pair of switch contacts; said first heater having one terminal connected to a neutral connector and the other terminal connected to the other of the contacts of said second pair of switch contacts; said second heater having one terminal connected to said other of said contacts of said first pair of switch contacts and its other terminal connected to said other of said contacts of said second pair of switch contacts; said third heater having one terminal connected to said other of said first pair of switch contacts and its other terminal connected to the other of said contacts of said third pair of switch contacts; thermostatic means responsive to temperatures in said oven adapted repeatedly to open and close said pairs of switch contacts in response to temperature variations; and manually operable means temporarily to maintain said third pair of contacts open while said first and second pair are repeatedly opened and closed by said thermostatic means.

6. In combination: an oven; first, second and third heaters for said oven; first, second and third pairs of switch contacts to be opened and closed; a first power line connector connected to one of the contacts of said first pair of switch contacts; a second power line connector connected to one each of the contacts of the second and third pair of switch contacts; said first heater having one terminal connected to a neutral connector and the other terminal connected to the other of the contacts of said second pair of switch contacts; said second heater having one terminal connected to said other of said contacts of said first pair of switch contacts and its other terminal connected to said other of said contacts of said second pair of switch contacts; said third heater having one terminal connected to said other of said first pair of switch contacts and its other terminal connected to the other of said contacts of said third pair of switch contacts; thermostatic means responsive to temperatures in said oven openin and closing said pairs of switch contacts; and insulating means normally urged between said second pairs of contacts and manually movable from between said contacts while said contacts are urged together by said thermostatic means; manually operable means temporarily to maintain said third pair of contacts open while said first and second pair are closed by said thermostatic means; and a single knob for adjusting said thermostatic means, moving said insulating means and said manually operable means.

GEORGE C. PEARCE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,373,128 Freese Mar. 29. 1921 2,067,481 Findlay Jan. 12, 1937 2,078,675 Lockwood, 2nd Apr. 27, 1937 2,085,217 Hart June 29, 1937 2,184,339 Ettinger Dec. 26, 1939 2,197,229 Waddell Apr. 16, 1940 2,197,230 Waddell Apr. 16, 1940 2,224,983 Parkhurst Dec. 17, 1940 2,259,315 Lockwood et a1 Oct. 14, 1941 2,363,326 Hodgins Nov. 21, 1944 2,385,434 Weber Sept. 25, 1945 2,388,839 Fry Nov. 13, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 526,906 Great Britain Sept. 27, 1940 

